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kyiv (/ˈkiːjɪv/ KEE-yiv, /kiːv/ KEEV; Ukrainian: Київ, pronounced [ˈkɪjiu̯] (audio speaker icon)) or kyiv (/ˈkiːɛv/ KEE-ev) is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine . It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of January 1, 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making kyiv the seventh most populous city in Europe.
kyiv is a major industrial, scientific, educational and cultural center in Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, institutions of higher learning, and places of historical interest. The city has an extensive public transport system and infrastructure, including the kyiv Metro.
The city's name is said to derive from the name of Kyi, one of its four legendary founders. During its history, kyiv, one of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe, went through various stages of prominence and obscurity. The city probably existed as a trading center as early as the 5th century.
A Slavic settlement on the great trade route between Scandinavia and Constantinople, kyiv was a tributary of the Khazars, until its capture by the Varangians (Vikings) in the mid-9th century. Under Varangian rule, the city became the capital of Kievan Rus', the first East Slavic state. Completely destroyed during the Mongol invasions in 1240, the city lost most of its influence for centuries to come. It was a provincial capital of marginal importance on the outskirts of the territories controlled by its powerful neighbors, first Lithuania, then Poland, and finally Russia.
The city prospered again during the Industrial Revolution of the Russian Empire at the end of the 19th century. In 1918, after the Ukrainian People's Republic declared its independence from Soviet Russia, kyiv became its capital. Beginning in 1921, kyiv was a city in the Soviet Ukraine, which was proclaimed by the Red Army, and, beginning in 1934, kyiv was its capital. The city was almost completely ruined during World War II, but quickly recovered in the post-war years, being the third largest city in the Soviet Union.
Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and Ukraine's independence in 1991, kyiv remained the capital of Ukraine and experienced a constant influx of ethnic Ukrainian immigrants from other regions of the country. During the country's transformation to a market economy and electoral democracy, kyiv has remained the largest and wealthiest city in Ukraine.
Its arms-dependent industrial output fell after the Soviet collapse, negatively affecting science and technology, but new sectors of the economy, such as services and finance, facilitated kyiv's wage growth and investment, as well as to provide continued funding for housing and urban development. infrastructure. kyiv emerged as the most pro-Western region of Ukraine; parties advocating closer integration with the European Union dominate during elections.